Means for securing a pipe fitting to a plate, wall, or the like



P. G. CALDWELL. Erm.. IBAHS FOR SEGURING A PIPE FITTING June 7, 19,49. 2,472,569

'ro A PLATE, WALL, on- 'ran um: Filed Jan 21 1947 By new M.

Y.diiorneu Patented June 7, 1949 .PAT ENT .OFEIGE ANSTORSECURING A PIPE 'FITTlNG'TA Estoy Graham Galdw ell and Lionel v William iHopeWaltonLondonY England tisidwpiping ,on the) like) f imi aiplatewwll--on the s ilike, Hhereinaiterfiermedelthe-walwfand isfpar ticularly suited to cases whereiaeeess to'the rear 1er insidefof bhe iwilil is eniy possible throughla. ismalkhole iin eubhnwallthronghiwhicl'i hole *it is idesired thai-bhe pipel illitlngfshull establish comvmunieationfwith thespaiee .behindbhe wall.

lAs an example uo sliih'i a easefis `tflie* core* hole of amnternalf combusibicniengineiofffaf lmvzsiaorwe- 'miele whereit is desired: 1:0'ripron'icilte'r-heat-ingv .of ixhecooling liquid ,on seen engineion. the thermomipiio'nicA -principleiwhiiel the 'velnole 1 :isv l standing idle, or for coupling up piping sorfvtubular or agridftype heatingl-oircuitsfonheaiingiishe interior Jfofweiriieles AsiatinI i as* ambixlanees,-etc.,.-mhilst such core hole being usuallyxvery'rmiigin and-requiring vunusually carefuh andi'skilfil treatment to'make sa satisfactoryruni'nn.

A further obfecirefzahe 'invention smfprovitle a `foiufnof Apipe 'fittingffwlrxichfeansbeereadily mind (even in conned fitting spaces) im a? hule without machining chef walls ozmhe @bienv en g.; fin a obre- Ahele as aforesaid Without themecessity-rofapplying a drillingnr'utherf toolitovibhehhnie foraine -purpose of making'ihecicnnnention.

Ai further object. otihednwniinnfis to enable the fitting to be readily detached from theffmall -twhich fit is fitted. f Eoneimmple Where thefit- `ting-is1 applied rizo` arxugh, cmeisholeY as i aforesaid,

i i5 ismay not -makeiurneffective seali at .the firsbapplication andi therefecit' should ibeneapablefof being easily removed and reeappliede andfin other eases, such as tap tlitings'iombemel bung-holes, i it is lneeessai'yciahaiiiiaheifilming'fshoul: lie-l capble are onf `lshei roadeand ibn thisepux-pose toiconnect een fof* being easily *manicured* 'from fone ibamel and of the water jacket of the :engine mhershan mrlthmhe'outowsiwhichsoonneetsliiheuppen por- 1bionof: ehe enginevgaeket :with iihe :kippen portion y0f'theraaidaiaoxgieiiafhamiii'igifileeeifiMound 'that' the eheaibngf otthemater'nf the engine jacket is more quiekiy laccunnipllishaci i by commenting the e ioutlet Imm theiheaiterestraightf [intonatie: jacket. Some meines hsveazcore :helemaal: theibaekmboui'. half waymupiandi this Liss afsoadmnsition tofmakeaihe wonnection.

i'lhei inlet toriherheaber rimayebe conneeised Jay -iwmi-.cuiatiug i pipe thea-pines connecting- ,the ibbtomr of n the :radltoriwlthf the imam inflow -tro 'zwemwater' jacket.

*ms howeveifdimwibufdmetimes impossible oto: drllthe :zcoreshoiesmdfiemetamfptve fitting mr admpioifheren owing? to iacicmiisi'naeer to apply iil'flriil.

iwhiist fthe :presente invention ismotilimited in ummeaticn :im sezeniating instemmend heating means .thezeter Viii..Jima-.srieoxmicaiimie.fiiewre Mplieationaio aburren inns) vit-will ibeeconenent to deseribewiiiin itszedaomtorhmm the iiciuid. iusuasiiy water, `ef .theesnximewnnlinsfsystem--of a. motor f-vehicie; sos-as fito maximiser me! damage f izo sehe engineiendfermndiahemimirmy Meathemor 'mo @maintain stiaeffengme :at ea taaisiixiaeimy @iemeperemrecier :emeientemminsmwhenistanied iup.

@me abieetmf minet-present i dmniien isf to t:defdnilrtne misnomer-:mairies amineiconnectien with the engine casting, this operation ,havingnto he :mesdames mtrndueineumiuemaimofedamage mme iii Artemide eut, r

. no' vemiff entl-yfreardedmutstheewaii .affine 65 @fitted to another.

A further objectief 'bhe inventionfis'that 'thee i should not been"iindueprojetinnzoiftheideviee ifintofishe interior. For example in'ffitting'lthef de- ;25 vice to an engine wall if the device projects-unf 0- restrict the new merethmugh According to thepreentiinveniion ive-pre- J-vldet a *pipe* fittingdaldabted" tofbe eliiii'i'ip'er infie sealing relation with a hole in a-fwaflLsu'chifas the wall of an engheesing, eomprising'a' screw- 235' threaded tube eridwnuaopemiedr bmiingmeans ithe hole and having a'displaceablehead of siieh 4dii'i'ieifisions as to lee'll'ii'lii'alale of h'i'idging iihe'hble and bearingor; me iriside'ofihefweuon oppasiie 5 .dispiecedfby shaking ztiiennigig to image me ,noie

`L Ydrawn through AJche vhole when the clampingrpres- Ysui-e is released.

The aforesaid heedfmay .bee cross `pin passing `through opposed 'helas in ihe'bubeand headedito f'irriake `the pin rcaptivememe screw, andL preferably the pin passesithzouBh'fafbiIur-cated endifof the 4face of the wall tube so as not unduly to obstruct the flow through the tube.

The pin advantageously has one or more annular grooves adapted to be engaged by the wall of the hole or holes in the tube when the fitting is moved or shaken to bring the pin into proper operative position.

The fitting preferably comprises at least one joint ring or joint washer and a coned or domed disc or washer (referred to hereinafter and in the claims as a "domed disc), the disc being provided with a marginal rib on one face adapted to press a face joint washer into sealing engagement with the face of the object around the hole and being reversible to enable the domed face of the disc to press a joint ring into a countersinking or annular recess of the hole to make the joint.

The outer end of the tube may be formed as a nozzle or nipple, e. g., may be annularly serrated or grooved for this purpose. to enable it to be coupled to a hose. The tube may have an elbowed outer end to promote compactness in the bend of the conduit, particularly where limited space for such bend is present between the wall and adjacent surfaces.

In order that the present invention may be the more readily understood, reference is hereinafter made to the accompanying drawings which show by Way of example forms of tting and one application thereof according to the invention.

Fig. 1 is a sectional plan view and Fig. 2 an end view, while Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow A. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan showing the fitting used with another form of packing and Fig. 5 is a view of the tube of the tting provided with an elbow end. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of a thermo-Siphonic liquid circulating system in connection with which the fitting is particularly suited for use. Fig. '7 shows a spring-influenced cross-pin for the fitting. Fig. 8 shows a fragmentary section of a modified form.

Referring to Figs. l to 3, the pipe fitting comprises an externally screw threaded coupler tube I the end 3 of which is to pass through a hole 2 in the wall 4 and the other end 5 of which is annularly serrated or grooved to form a hose-connecting nozzle. The diameter of the aforesaid hole is larger than the external diameter of said screw thread.

The end 3 of the coupler tube which is to prcject beyond the inside of wall 4 is bifurcated for promoting liquid flow and transversely apertured at 6. 6 for the reception of a cross pin I which medially is provided with a pair of spaced annular grooves 8, 8, designed to interlock with the limbs of the aforesaid bifurcation. The apertures 6 are shown as countersunk at 9 to facilitate longitudinal displacement of the pin into or out of engagement with the limbs. The ends of the pin are headed over at I0 to render the pin captive in the holes in the limbs of the bifurcation. A back nut Il is provided to screw into engagement with the screw threaded portion of the tube and, for threading along the screw so as to be nearer the inside end of the screw than the nut, in the order opposite to that given, are provided a disc I2 having a hole I3 which clears the thread and a rubber or like face joint washer I4 for making a resilient packing to secure tightness at the between the pipe fitting and the around the hole 2.

The disc I2 is domed on one face I5 and its other face is dished or provided with a marginal rib IE and the disc is reversible according to the nature of the sealing joint required. In Fig. 1 the marginally ribbed face of the disc is presented to the face joint washer and when the nut is tightened the pressure is applied to the washer marginally by the rib and a secure joint is made with the external surface of the wall 4 even though this is not a smooth surface. The hole in the washer may be such as to make a close t around the screw and the rubber of the washer may be forced inwards by the clamping action to seal or help seal the washer to the screw, but generally a hemp grummet or wrapping I 6a is clamped between the back nut and the coned disc and advantageously received in a recess I1 in the nut in order to seal the screw thread.

In some cases the hole 2 will be countersunk e. g., to form a dovetail recess, and it may be desirable to seal a joint ring into the said countersink or recess. Fig. 4 shows such an arrangement. In this case the joint ring I4a which may be of round section as shown, or a square, rectangular, or other suitable section, may be deformed in the countersunk part of the hole by the domed face of the disc I2. Thus by formdisc with a marginal axial rib on an opposite diametral face thereof, and the same domed disc may serve for sealing the pipe fitting with the rubber or like joint ring in the counterbore or with the rubber or like face joint washer if the counterbore is too small to receive the joint ring, all that is necessary being to replace the joint ring by the face joint washer and reverse the domed disc to present the ribbed side to the washer.

The cross-pin maybe formed with a head at one end and the other end may be headed over after the particular joint member required has been selected and the parts suitably assembled to suit that member.

For securing the pipe fitting to the wall no machining of the hole is necessary. The aforesaid cross pin is allowed to hang fully to one side of the tube which is then inserted obllquely through the hole so that the cross pin hooks behind the wall whereupon the cross pin may be allowed to fall into a position in which it is centralised by the grooves engaging the limbs, or, with the cross pin in a substantially horizontal position, the pipe fitting is shaken to bring the cross pin into the said medial position in which it is seen or felt that it bridges the hole with the spaced annular grooves in the pin interlocking with the walls of the holes in the forking of the In this position the cross pin bridges the hole internally of the wall 3 and tightening up of the nut tightens the joint ring or washer externally against the wall and seals 01T the pipe fitting which 'can then be connected to a hose or other external piping, or conduit.

Figs. 1 and 4 show the parts before the back nut has been tightened to make the joint.

In the form shown in Figs. l to 3, the pipe fitting may be so constructed and arranged as to permit the nut to screw thereon from the hose receiving endand in such cases the joint ringor washer and the domed disc may be placed on the pipe fitting after this has been inserted through the hole andthe cross pin positioned to bridge the hole.

Where desired it will be easy to provide an elbowed pipe tting, the elbow making any desired angle. Fig. 5 shows one such form in Which'a hose-receivingiportiontaeiss to the end of the screw tube, the meeting ends having mitred dfaces, 'but otherknown or `suitable "methods of connection are available, for examplefthe parts for this purposefmayrioeturnedrrom ,the bar on an automatic lathe to providea stem and socket ,joinhwhich can subsequently' be.fused together, e.,g.,`..by copperbracing or welding. .The Kouter tend of,the,coupler` tube maybe of varionsLiorms *for coupling the tube to a hose,fiexible or rigid pipe or other suitable connection. For example a union nut may be rotatably mounted on the end of such tube.

In some cases, it is more convenient or necessary, as for example in Fig. 5, for the nut to screw on to the pipe fitting from the screw-threaded end, in which case the disc and packing ring or washer must be in position on the pipe fitting when it is inserted through the hole.

In general the fitter may be given a sight of the cross pin, whether a joint ring or face joint washer is used, while shaking such cross pin into a position in which it bridges the hole, preferably in interlocking relation with the fork ends as aforesaid, as the joint members and domed disc may be drawn back sufllciently for this purpose. If necessary a rod or wire or other tool may be inserted through the hole to move the rod into centralised position.

The fitting is applicable for various purposes, e. g., it may be used in connection with domestic hot-water tanks or motor vehicle foot warmers, but it is especially useful in connection with liquid circulating systems and heating means therefor comprising a thermo-siphonic liquid circulating system having two circuits including a cornmon descending column, heat being applied to one of the circuits and liquid caused to ow from the heating means directly into a part of the circuit leading through a body to promote the heating of such body.

For example, referring to Fig. 6, for heating and circulating water by thermo-siphonic action through an engine water jacket there is a main circuit including the engine 2D, radiator 2i, inflow conduit 22 and outflow conduit 23 and part of the liquid contained in the inflow conduit 22 is diverted or drained into a conduit 24 which contains a heater 25 and communicates with the engine so as to form a second thermo-siphonic circuit adapted for operation in common with part of the main circuit. The liquid in the conduit 24 is thus heated at a position enabling thermo-siphonic action to be started or sustained in the second circuit thereby serving to heat and circulate the liquid in the main circuit, and causing the liquid in the second circuit being heated to iiow through the engine jacket so as to promote the heating of the engine.

An electric heater of the flow through type may be used. The conduit 24 is conveniently furnished by flexible hose, for instance of rubber, forming pipe connections from said inow portion 22 to an inlet of the heater and from an outlet of the heater to the engine jacket.

In such a case, the aforesaid hole 2 may be the core hole of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle where it is desired to promote heating of the cooling liquid of such engine on the thermo-siphonic principle as before mentioned.

The core hole is usually plugged and to t the improved pipe fitting thereto the plug may be removed by piercing and withdrawing it with a chisel. The fitting can then be applied and the cross pin located in a position to bridge the core 76 position, said holes 6 lholeintermiliy -ofL the @engine-wall tightening up vof l"the `nut tightening l the packing externally `against!tl'xeenginef'wall:and sealing off the pipe YHittingwhich can thenfbe connected tothe heater i-by-,a `hose-securedv to theroutlet` ofl the heater and the tubel bye-appropriate i straining rin gs.

YThecrosspin may have a single annular groove =l8a1seelFig- 8,1andthe coupler tube may haveca single gmemizver 721,- or-as shown two diametraiy wpposlte `rnelznbersvhone4 of which willlflock 'with the groove.

l. A pepe ritting-adaptedfto be` clampedinto sealing-reiation-with ua hole in a wall, comprising-a' screw-threaded tube and a nut-operated jointing means for sealing the fitting to the hole, one end of the tube being adapted to be passed freely through the hole and having a freely displaceable head of such dimensions as to be capable of bridging the hole and bearing on the insides of the hole, the head being adapted to be displaced in relation to the tube and passed obliquely through the hole and then shaken into a position to bridge the hole as aforesaid so that it will thrust against the said wall while the nut is operated to clamp the jointing means, and being adapted to be shaken into a position in which it may be easily withdrawn through the hole when the clamp is slackened.

2. A pipe fitting adapted to be clamped into sealing relation with a hole in a wall, comprising a. screw-threaded tube and a nut-operated jointing means for sealing the fitting to the hole, one end of the tube being adapted to be passed freely through the hole and freely displaceable head in the form of a cross pin passing through opposed holes in the tube and headed to make the pin captive to the screw, the rod being of such length as to be capable of bridging the hole and bearing on the inside of the wall on opposite sides of the hole, the pin being adapted to be longitudinally displaced in cross-wise relation to the tube and passed obliquely through the hole and then shaken in the opposite direction into a position to bridge the hole as aforesaid so that it will thrust against the said wall while the nut is operated to clamp the jointing means, and being adapted to be shaken into a position in which it may be easily Withdrawn through the hole when the clamp is slackened.

3. A pipe tting as in claim 2, said cross pin having at least one annular groove adapted to lock the pin longitudinally with means on the tube.

4, A pipe fitting as in claim 2, in which the said tube has a bifurcated end in opposed limbs of which the opposed holes are formed so as not unduly to obstruct the flow through the tube, the bifurcated end providing opposed ports allowing flow therethrough as Well as axially through the tube.

5. A pipe tting as in claim 2, said cross pin having at least one annular groove adapted to be engaged by the walls of the opposed holes in the tube to locate the pin in operative position, the pin being free to be shaken into such position by shaking the iitting for clamping, and being adapted to be easily shaken free when the clamp is released.

6. A pipe fitting as in claim 2, said cross pin having annular grooves adapted by shaking the fitting to be engaged by the walls of the opposed holes in the tube to locate the pin in operative being countersunk to facili- 7 tate the longitudinal displacement of the pin into REFERENCES CITED or out of engagement with the Walls of the holes.

7. A pipe tting as in claim 1, comprising at The following references are of record in the least one joint ring or Washer and a domed disc il@ 0f this patent! provided with amarginal rib on one face adapted 5 UNITED STATES PATENTS to press a face Joint washer into sealing engagement with the face of the object around the hole Number Name Date and being reversible to enable the domed face 13631510 Jones July 31, 1923 of the disc to press a sealing ring into a counter- 113711008 Rentz Aug- 9, 1932 sinking or recess of the hole, to make the sealing m 213601395 Byron OC- 17, 1944 engagement.

8. A pipe fitting as in claim 1, in which the tube has an elbowed outer coupling end. PERCY GRAHAM CALDWELL. LIONEL WILLIAM HOPE-WALTON. L3 

